library users: how to make them regular patrons

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Ion-Sensitive Intracellular Microelectrodes. How to Make and Use Them

the techniques can easily make effective use of the most sophisticated of these methods." This admirable goal is partially achieved in this multiple-author collection. The chapters on velocity sedimentation (by D. Ridge), zonal rotors (by J.M. Graham), and isopycnic centrifugation (by G.D. Birnie and D. Rickwood) take the novice up to the point where he can apply the methods discussed in an int...

How to make Biological Systems Compute: Simply Observe Them

We survey work on the paradigm called computing by observing. This is a formal model of the way many biochemical experiments are conducted, where an external observer protocols the evolution of a system in a test tube or some other limited environment. So this observer, which is not acting on the input, produces the output. In this the paradigm contrasts strongly to many formal models of bio-co...

Walking through a library remotely - Why we need maps for collections and how KnoweScape can help us to make them?

BLOCKIN them? ANDREA SCHARNHORST There is no escape from the expansion of information, so that structuring and locating meaningful knowledge becomes ever more difficult. The question of how to order our knowledge is as old as the systematic acquisition, circulation, and storage of knowledge. Classification systems have been known since ancient times. On the Internet, one finds both classificati...

Extending Annotations to Make them Truly Valuable

Although the basic idea of annotations is rather old most web material does not allow for annotations. Even if it does, annotations are usually little used. However, research shows that annotations are potentially an important part of digital libraries and particularly eLearning: they can help users to learn more easily by (collaboratively) adding comments, links and bookmarks, thus personalizi...

How to Make Otherworldly Oxygen Isotope Signatures on Earth and to Preserve Them in Rocks

Introduction: Triple oxygen isotope measurement was once an exclusive practice in meteorite research [1]. Since 1980s, many compounds on Earth have been found to possess triple oxygen isotope compositions that deviate from terrestrial fractionation line [2, 3]. Some of them form minerals and rocks, which can be preserved in geological records and serve as a solid archive for past Earth system h...